This chapter presents an introductory overview of international agreements, actions, and strategies todeal with climate change and analyzes trends in climate change in the countries of Latin America and theCaribbean (LAC). Climate change management has become an important focus of the internationalpolitical debate in recent decades; however, regarding the LAC region, this process was much slower andwith several inequalities among countries. Climate projections for LAC indicate that the temperatureincrease will be differentiated between countries and regions depending on the emission scenarioconsidered. Under a maximum level of radiative forcing of 4.5 W/m, an increase of up to 2 °C will beobserved by 2100 in the region, which will be added to the 0.4 °C that has already been registered in thelast three decades. An uneven trend in rainfall patterns will also be observed in the LAC, with CentralAmerica and part of South America suffering a sharp reduction in annual rainfall and a greater number ofdrought events, while parts of the Pacific and Atlantic coasts in South America will be affected by theincrease in annual rainfall and a higher frequency of flood events. The challenge for the countries of theregion will then be to find a balance between sustainable development both in terms of managing thefuture risks of climate change, as well as the risks related to climate today, and promotingindustrialization that generates low CO emissions.